Categorization of Different Locations at Bhubaneswar on the Basis of Exceedence Factor of the Pollutants

摘要

The present study deals with the effect of urbanization and automobile emission on ambient air quality of Bhubaneswar city, Odisha. This paper examines the significant difference in seasonal variations of air pollutant concentrations in the city. RSPM (respirable suspended particulate matter), SPM (suspended paniculate mater), sulphur dioxide (SO_2), oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and CO were collected at 5 sites in Bhubaneswar. Monthly and seasonal variation of these pollutants are compared graphically for 2 consecutive year from November-08 to October-10. The annual average and range values have also been calculated. Using observed annual means and standard values of different parameters the exceedence factor for each pollutant was calculated in all selected locations. It has been observed that the concentrations of the pollutants are high in winter in comparison to summer or rainy seasons. In the present study it was noticed that the SPM, RSPM and CO levels at all selected sites exceeds the prescribed limits as stipulated by Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB). But the SO_2 and NOx levels at all the sites found under prescribed limits of CPCB. From exceedence factor, the different pollutants are categorized into 4 categories. It was observed that RSPM at all locations for both the years fall under critical category. SPM in 2008-09 fall under critical category at 3 locations and rest 2 under high category. In 2009-10 SPM fall under high category for 4 locations and one location under critical category. SO_2 at all locations in both the years are under low category. NOx in 2008- 09 fall under moderate category at 3 locations and rest 2 locations in low category while in 2009-10 all locations fall under moderate category. CO in 2008-09 fall under critical category at 2 locations, high category at 2 locations and moderate at one location but in 2009- 10 falls under critical category at 2 locations, high category at 2 locations and moderate at one location.