A Review on Reuse of Effluent From Dairy Industry as Manure for Crops

摘要

Improved understanding of the effects of dairy waste treatment and land application on microbial processes and products is required to predict the outcome of waste applications and avoid undesirable environmental impacts. Use of dairy effluents for irrigation purposes is a highly warranted utility of water pollutants proposition. In a dairy or any livestock farm, the animals only use a small proportion of the energy they consume, so we can improve sustainability if we can then cycle those nutrients around the farm. Animal manures and urine are rich in nitrogen. Animal effluent is rich in nitrogen, phosphorous, potassium and organic carbon. These fertilizer nutrients account for significant expenditure in most farm budgets. Growing of crops with soil and water containing wastes from dairy industry may lead to higher accumulation of metals and organa-chlorine residues in plants. With dairy farms having significant greenhouse gas emissions, together with rising energy and fertilizer costs, effective effluent reuse can both reduce energy and fertilizer costs as well as cut down on emissions of greenhouse gases. Utilization of dairy effluents in agriculture would also facilitate reduction in pollution load on aquatic system. The increasing agricultural reuse of dairy effluent serves goals, such as promoting sustainable agriculture, preserving scarce water resources and maintaining environmental quality. This paper aims to review the impact of dairy effluents on agricultural land and their further effect on plant growth.