The cause-and-effect relation between plasmon-resonance absorption and surface wave in a sinusoidal metal grating is investigated. Employing mode-matching method with modal expansion, we solve the scattering problem for the incident plane wave by the grating and create an equivalent impedance boundary value problem on the fictitious surface which is set over the grating. The surface wave is estimated so that its wave impedance matches the surface impedance on the fictitious surface. Numerical examples are given and the behavior of the exciting surface wave is discussed.%金属格子に電磁波を入射したとき，入射電力が吸収され．効率が急激に落ち込むことがある．この現象は共鳴吸収と呼ばれ 電磁波の入射角と波長および格子形状の特定条件のもとで発生する．入射電磁波の波長と格子形状が定まると，同次境界値問題の解法により固有ベクトルと伝搬定数が求められ伝搬定数の実数部を用いた位相整合条件より共鳴吸収の発生する入射角が推定されている．
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