系統電源構成を考慮したプラグインハイブリッド自動車の導入評価

摘要

昨今，地球温暖化，エネルギー資源の枯渇が大きな問題rnとなってきており，持続可能な社会を構築するために，エrnネルギー消費量，CO_2排出量の長期的な削減が大きな課題rnとなっている。特に，日本の約25％のエネルギーを消費し，rnその消費量も年々増加している運輸部門では，CO_2排出量rnの長期的な削減と石油依存度の低減（2030年目標80％）がrn求められている。そのために，バイオ系燃料の開発，燃rn料電池自動車（FCV），電気自動車（EV）といった次世代rn自動車の開発が精力的に進められている。%In transport section, it is necessary to reduce amount of CO_2 emissions and Oil dependence. Bio fuels and Fuel Cell Vehicle (FCV), Electric Vehicle (EV) and Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV) are expected to reduce CO_2 emissions and Oil dependence. We focus on PHEV. PHEV can reduce total energy Consumptions because of its high efficiency and can run with both oil and electricity. Introduction of PHEV reduces oil consumptions, however it also increases electricity demands. Therefore we must evaluate PHEV's CO_2 reduction potential, not only in transport section but also in power grid section. To take into account of the distribution of the daily travel distance is also very important. All energy charged in the PHEV's battery cannot always be used. That influences the evaluation.rnWe formulate the total model that combines passenger car model and power utility grid model, and we also consider the distribution of the daily travel distance. With this model, we show the battery cost per kWh at which PHEV begins to be introduced and oil dependence in passenger car section is to be reduced to 80%. We also show PHEV's CO_2 reduction potentials and effects on the power supply system.