Noninvasive surgery of prostate tissue by high-intensity focusedultrasound

摘要

Modern ultrasound transducer material and matching layerntechnology has permitted us to combine the ultrasound visualizationncapability with production of high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU)non the same ceramic crystal. This development has lead to the design ofna transrectal probe for noninvasive surgery of prostate tissue by HIFU.nThe combined capability using the same ceramic crystal simplifiesntreatment planning, targeting, and monitoring of tissue before andnduring the HIFU treatment. This mechanically scanning transrectal probenwas introduced for clinical use in 1992 for noninvasive surgery of thenprostate to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) condition. Thisnpaper reviews major steps progressing from conception to the presentnclinical trial status of the HIFU device. During these clinical studiesngeneration of microbubbles and cavitation were observed. Data fromnmicrobubble generation, temperature monitoring in tissue, and autopsy ofnHIFU-treated animal prostates are presented. Results of human clinicalnstudies are briefly summarized to indicate performance of the device