A novel diffraction tomographic algorithm has been proposed to detect two-dimensional (2D) dielectric cylinders buried under a lossy Earth. In this algorithm, the air-Earth interface has been taken into account and the exact treatment of Sommerfeld-like integrals has been considered. Using the algorithm, all locations, shapes, and dielectric properties of buried cylinders can be accurately reconstructed under the low-contrast condition. For high-contrast targets, this algorithm can also be used to determine their locations and approximate their dielectric properties. Due to the use of fast Fourier transforms to implement the problem, this algorithm is very fast and quite tolerant to the error of measurement data. Numerical examples are given to show the validity of the algorithm.
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