Metamorphic DBR and tunnel-junction injection. A CW RT monolithiclong-wavelength VCSEL

摘要

We present and give details about the conception and realizationnof the first monolithic long wavelength vertical-cavity surface-emittingnlaser (VCSEL) operating continuous wave at room temperature. Thisnapproach relies on two originalities: a metamorphic GaAs-AlAsndistributed Bragg reflector and an injection through a reverse-biasedntunnel junction. Record output powers as high as 1 mW and a maximumnoperating temperature of 47°C have thus been achieved. Furthermore,nin this paper, we present the optimization work on the differentnconstituting parts of the VCSEL