Optimizing casualty response

摘要

While their enforcement only began on 22 February 2011, the new salvage and firefighting regulations have had a long and tortuous journey. Tracing origins to 1989 when the »Exxon Valdez« went aground on Bligh Reef, the OPA 90 (Oil Pollution Act) gave us rules for tank vessels carrying oil as cargo. Fast forward to 1999 when the »New Carissa« disaster off the Oregon coast placed the spotlight on dry cargo vessels carrying large quantities of bunker fuel, and a similar act for nontank vessels was enacted under the Coast Guard Maritime Transportation Act of 2004. »