A two-stage model of e-government growth: Theories and empirical evidence for U.S. cities

摘要

This article examines the current stages of development of e-government growth in American cities. A two-stage model of e-government growth is applied to municipalities. Stage Ⅰ is the cataloging of information online and Stage Ⅱ is transactions being completed online. This article examines the development of these stages along with the e-government relationships being government to citizen (G2C), government to business (G2B), or government to government (G2G). The two-stage model is applied to data from the 2002 International City/County Management Association (ICMA) Electronic Government survey. The findings indicate that G2C Web sites are primarily in Stage Ⅰ. There does not appear to be much movement outside of the information dissemination stage of e-government. In regards to the G2G relationships, cities are becoming more advanced with many transactions completed over the city's Intranet. However, the greatest advancement has taken place in the G2B relationship, in which procurement of equipment and office supplies was done by around half of the surveyed cities. These findings imply that e-government growth is more pronounced in some areas than others.