Estimation of the kinematic viscosities of bio-oil/alcohol blends: Kinematic viscosity-temperature formula and mixing rules

摘要

In this work, the kinematic viscosities of a series of bio-oil/alcohol blends (BO/AL blends) with various match ratio were measured at different temperatures (20, 30, 40, 50, 60 degrees C). The results showed that the kinematic viscosities of BO/AL blends decreased with elevating temperature. The relationship between kinematic viscosities and temperature followed the Arrhenius-type equation well. The viscosities of BO/AL blends decreased rapidly when the content of alcohol is lower, while the decreasing rate gradually slows down when the alcohol content continue increasing. Some modified mixing rules were developed to predict the viscosity of BO/AL blends. And the result shows that the modified Cragoe mixing rule could predict the viscosity of BO/AL blends accurately. The optimization of additive selection and dosage were determined by mixing rules and financial analysis; the result suggests that adding methanol with the mass fraction of 20% is an optimal choice for upgrading bio-oil.