Idéologie et identité : une étude psychanalytique d'un phénomène social

摘要

Dans cet exposé, l'auteur étudie non seulement le système de croyances omniscient qu'implique l'adhésion à une idéologie, mais aussi le statut de I' ? idéologie ? en tant que phénomène sociologique et la psychodynamique à l'?uvre chez les membres d'un groupe idéologique.%The twentieth century proved that ideologies are as destructive as gunpowder. How does that psychic gunpowder work ? We need to turn to psychoanalysis to answer that question. Similarities between the ideology of a society and the structure of an individual neurosis are (a) self-deception, and (b) a corruption of the reality principle. There are also differences, the most important are in the origins of the phenomena. Society causes an ideology; however psychoanalysis can understand the psychodyna-mics in the individuals which induce them to sign up to the social ideology. Such explanation does not cover all the causes of a social phenomenon, but social causes interact with familiar psychological mechanisms in the individuals. In other words the social ideology offers advantage to the psychodynamics of individuals, for example, the need for a secure identity in the face of social incohesion.