Long-term effects of ambient air pollutants on suicidal ideation in China:The Henan Rural Cohort Study

摘要

Background:The association between ambient air pollutants exposure and suicidal ideation (SI) has rarely been explored, especially in Chinese population. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the long-term effects of ambient air pollutants on SI among a Chinese rural population.Method: We recruited 29997 participants from the Henan Rural Cohort study in 2016-2017. SI was evaluated by using the ninth item of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) in the baseline survey. We adopted a satellite-based spatiotemporal model to estimate participants' exposure to particulate matters (PMs) (PM with an aerodynamic diameter　≤1 μm (PM_1), ≤2.5 μm (PM_(2.5)) or ≤10 μm (PM_(10)), respectively) and nitrogen dioxide (NO_2), and then calculated the 3-year average concentrations of the four pollutants. We used logistic regression models to explore the association between long-term exposure to ambient air pollutants and SI. In addition, we conducted several stratified analyses to examine effect modification of selected factors.Results: The odds ratios (95% confidence intervals [CI]) of SI in response to each 1 μg/m~3 increase in PM_1 ,PM_(2.5), PM_(10) and NO_2 concentrations were 1.08 (1.01, 1.15), 1.10 (1.02, 1.19), 1.05 (1.01, 1.09) and 1.12 (1.04, 1.21), respectively. Individuals exposed to PM_1, PM_(2. 5), PM_(10) or NO_2 concentrations in the fourth quartile had a 1.36-fold (95%CI: 1.08, 1.72), 1.69-fold (95%CI: 1.05, 2.72), 1.49-fold (95%CI: 1.09, 2.05) or 1.71-fold (95%CI: 1.15, 2.85) risks of SI, compared to the ones with corresponding air pollutants in the first quartile. Besides, the risks of SI increased with the quartiles of air pollutants (PM_1: P_(trend) = 0.002, PM_(2.5): P_(trend) = 0.003, PM_(10): P_(trend)= 0.010, NO_2:P_(trend) = 0.010). Stratified analyses suggested that males, highly educated participants, ever-drinkers and people aged range 36-64 years were more vulnerable to the adverse effects of air pollutants. Conclusions: This study provided evidence for the long-term effects of ambient PMs and NO_2 on SI in rural Chinese adults, particularly for males, highly educated participants, ever-drinkers and people aged range 36-64 years.