Architecture, symbolism, and function: the Nazi Party's 'Forum of the Movement'

摘要

As the birthplace of the Nazi Party, Munich assumed a prominent role in Hitler's plans to build a new Germany. The first major project of this Nazi building program aimed to redesign Munich's Konigsplatz Square as a new 'Forum of the Movement'. Contemporary writers and later scholars have generally seen the project as a successful and effective example of Hitler's ideas concerning urban design. Yet, informed by recent theoretical and methodological developments in geography, a critical analysis of contemporary sources and greater awareness of the square's new spatiality and functionality suggest that the project suffered from several deficiencies that limited its effectiveness both as a symbolic representation of Hitler's architectural aspirations and as a practical venue for party events. Indeed, the difficulties of co-opting this established public space likely played a pivotal role in shifting the focus of Hitler's monumental building program to new locations away from traditional urban centers and historical buildings.