Bluetooth was conceived and developed by two Ericsson engineers in 1992 as a way to eliminate cables between electronic devices. It is a low power radio frequency communications scheme and communications protocol that operates in the unlicensed portion of the electromagnetic spectrum. Digital data is sent between Bluetooth-equipped devices using a specific range of radio frequencies (centered around 2.45GHz) and protocol for exchanging information. Handshaking is a simple analogy of the communications protocol.
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