Inclusive versus exclusive learning: the secret ingredient to creating a truly 'lean' and 'learning' culture

摘要

Since the term was coined two decades ago, "lean" has become a mainstream management concept, widely used in all industries, from goods manufacturing to Internet start-ups, or from fast-moving consumer goods to healthcare. Yet, those of us who have been involved in studying Toyota's unique management method (the roots of lean), in experimenting with CEOs to create lean cultures and in adopting lean within our own companies, feel there is little lean about what many people now call "lean".