New additions to the larval food plants of Sri Lankan butterflies (Insecta: Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea)

摘要

Larval food plants (LFPs) of Sri Lankan butterflies have been well documented recently with the aid of studies done by numerous researchers. In this paper, we present further records, 118 LFPs used by 83 butterflies and 145 plant-butterfly combinations. LFPs of Lethe dynsate and Potanthus pseudomaesa pseudomaesa are reported for the first time in Sri Lanka. Important observations, possible LFPs and LFP preferences of rare and threatened butterfly species, are discussed. This information on plant-butterfly interactions will play an important role in conservation management of both plant and butterfly species. References Dassanayake, M.D. & F.R. Fosberg (1991). A Revised Handbook to the Flora of Ceylon. Vol. 7. Amerind Publishing Co. Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, 439pp. de Vlas, J. (2019). Illustrated Field Guide to the Flowers of Sri Lanka - Volume 3. J. de Vlas, Netherlands, 320pp. de Vlas, J. & J. de Vlas (2014). Illustrated Field Guide to the Flowers of Sri Lanka - Volume 2. J & J de Vlas, Netherlands, 320pp. Gamage, R. (2007). An Illustrated Guide to the Butterflies of Sri Lanka. Rajika Gamage, 254pp. Gunawardana, B.R., G.V.I.H. Wijewardana, H.M.B.E. Herath & T.M.T.S. Priyadarshana (2015). Erionota torus Evans, 1941: A new record for Sri Lanka with notes on its biology (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae). WildLanka 3(3): 163–68. Herath, C.U., P.B. Gamage, I. Rupasinghe & M.H.K. Arachchi (2020). A first record of oviposition of Common Onyx Horaga onyx Moore, 1857 (Insecta: Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) in Sri Lanka and its importance in conserving a highly threatened butterfly. Journal of Threatened Taxa 12(1): 15201–15204. https://doi.org/10.11609/jott.5443.12.1.15201-15204 Jayasinghe, H.D. (2014). Common Butterflies of Sri Lanka. Ceylon Tea Services PLC, Colombo, 176pp. Jayasinghe, H.D. (2015). Notes on observations of some threatened flowering plants of Sri Lanka including two “Extinct” species. NeBIO 6(2): 1–8. Jayasinghe, H.D., S.S. Rajapaksha & C. de Alwis (2014). A compilation and analysis of food plants utilization of Sri Lankan butterfly larvae (Papilionoidea). Taprobanica 6(2): 110–131. https://doi.org/10.4038/tapro.v6i2.7193 Jayasinghe, H.D., S.S. Rajapakshe & C. de Alwis (2015). A Pocket Guide to the Butterflies of Sri Lanka, Second Edition. Butterfly Conservation Society of Sri Lanka, Malwana, 185pp. Jayasinghe, H.D., S.S. Rajapakshe & C. de Alwis (2020). The story of Sri Lankan Butterflies, v. 2.0. Butterfly Conservation Society of Sri Lanka. http://www.slbutterflies.lk/ accessed 06 April 2020. Kostermans, A.J.G.H. (1980). Notes on Ceylonese Plants I. Miscellaneous Papers Landbouwhogeschool (Wageningen) 19: 205–230. MOE (2012). The National Red List 2012 of Sri Lanka; Conservation Status of the Fauna and Flora. Biodiversity Secretariat/Ministry of Environment, Colombo, Sri Lanka, viii 476pp. Nitin, R., V.C. Balakrishnan, P.V. Churi, S. Kalesh, S. Prakash & K. Kunte (2018). Larval host plants of the butterflies of the Western Ghats, India. Journal of Threatened Taxa 10(4): 11495–11550. https://doi.org/10.11609/jott.3104.10.4.11495-11550 POWO (2019). Plants of the World Online. http://www.plantsoftheworldonline.org/ accessed 30 December 2019. Priyadarshana, T.S., I.H. Wijewardhane, S. Sarang & N. Wijayathilaka (2015). Immature stages and the larval food plant of Nacaduba pactolus ceylonica Fruhstorfer, 1916 (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) in Sri Lanka. Journal of Threatened Taxa 7(12): 7945–49. https://doi.org/10.11609/JoTT.o4359.7945-9 Rao, K.S., R.K. Swamy, D. Kumar, R.A. Singh & K.G. Bhat (2019). Flora of peninsular India. http://peninsula.ces.iisc.ac.in/plants.php?name=Sesbania procumbens/ . Accessed on 30 December 2019. Thiers, B. (2020). Index Herbariorum. http://sweetgum.nybg.org/science/ . Accessed on 30 January 2020. van der Poorten, G. & N. van der Poorten (2011a). New and revised descriptions of the immature stages of some butterflies in Sri Lanka and their larval food plants (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae). Part 1: Sub-Family Danainae. The Journal of Research on the Lepidoptera 44: 1–16. van der Poorten, G. & N. van der Poorten (2011b). New and revised descriptions of the immature stages of some butterflies in Sri Lanka and their larval food plants (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae). Journal of Research on the Lepidoptera 44: 111–127. van der Poorten, G. & N. van der Poorten (2012a). Catopsilia Scylla (Linnaeus, 1763): a new record for Sri Lanka with notes on its biology, life history and distribution (Lepidoptera: Pieridae). The Journal of Research on the Lepidoptera 45: 17–23. van der Poorten, G. & N. van der Poorten (2012b). New and revised descriptions of the immature stages of some butterflies in Sri Lanka and their larval food plants (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae). Part 2: Subfamily Satyrinae. Tropical Lepidoptera Research 22(2): 80–92. van der Poorten, G. & N. van der Poorten (2012c). The bionomics of Spindasis greeni Heron, 1896 and a review of the early stages of the genus Spindasis in Sri Lanka (Lepidoptera: Lycae