Prospects and technology of cultivation of organic vegetable production on open ground in southern Russia conditions

摘要

To receive a high-quality competitive and environmentally friendly product, you need a well-thought-out agricultural technology, high level of biosecurity and spatial isolation. To develop an effective technology for growing environmentally friendly new potatoes, in the soil and climatic conditions of the high-altitude zone of Kabardino-Balkaria, scientific work was carried out, taking into account the achievements of modern agriculture. In the conditions of the mountain zone, nature has created a clean phytosanitary zone, in which you can get high-quality, environmentally friendly products without increasing their cost. The production process in this case will exclude the control of diseases and pests that in this zone will not exceed the economic threshold of harmfulness. In potato seed production, the initial stage was the use of improved material for growing a regenerating plant from the meristem, propagated in sterile, laboratory conditions for further cloning. With such seed material that is initially free of pathogens, it is much easier to get organic products. According to various estimates, the cost of producing environmentally friendly products in agriculture is 2.5-3 times higher than the cost of traditional production, and as a result, the cost of products increases. The analysis of economic efficiency showed that the increase in net income depends on the received potato yield and the sale price of new potatoes.