Development of aquaculture represents the major socioeconomic factor which defines not only development of the fishery industry, but also the respective federal districts, including the Southern Federal District. The developed analysis of the current state of development of aquaculture in the Southern Federal District of Russia is provided. Problems of development of aquaculture in the Southern Federal District of Russia are revealed. It is necessary to optimize technology processes in aquaculture. Optimization of technology processes will allow to achieve worthy results in this type of activity for our country. The strategy of scientific and technical development of the Russian Federation defined the directions allowing to receive scientific and technical results and to create technologies – basis of the innovative development of domestic market of products and services, and steady position of our country in foreign market. These directions will allow to provide transition to highly productive and environmentally friendly agro-and to aquaculture, production of safe and qualitative food stuffs. The technologies of commercial fish farming used in the Southern Federal District of Russia will make possible in short terms to increase quantity and production of live fish and to reduce its cost value.
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