Lemon juice as an Efficient Biocatalyst for One Pot Three Component Green Synthesis of Substituted 5-amino-1-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)-1H-pyrazole-4-carbonitriles

摘要

An eco-friendly one pot three component green synthesis of substituted 5-amino-1-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)-1H-pyrazole-4-carbonitriles have been carried out in presence of lemon juice as a recyclable catalyst. The use of biocatalysts is focusing on eco-friendly organic synthesis. Here, we have shown that Lemon juice is an inexpensive, safe and eco-friendly catalyst in the one pot three components reaction of aryl aldehydes, malononitrile and hydrazinehydrate for the synthesis of pyrazole derivatives under mild conditions. After optimization of reaction conditions for synthesis of pyrazoles it was found that 4.0 mL of lemon juice gave 82% yield in 1.4 hrs at room temperature in solvent free conditions. This novel and eco-friendly pathway has the merits of high yield, simple handling and benign synthesis.