Policy Tool Model and Its Application in the Governance of Characteristic Towns

摘要

Policy tools are the mechanism by which policy ideas and policy goals are transformed into specific policy actions, the bridge connecting goals and results, and the necessary path for policy implementation. The choice of policy tools will be affected by multiple factors such as policy environment, policy objectives, policy objects, governance structure, and tool characteristics. And constructed a policy tool selection model. Based on this theory, it analyzes the selection of policy tools for characteristic towns in the fields of planning, comprehensive development, operation, investment and financing. The article believes that the policy tools that can be used in the planning stage of characteristic towns are: deregulation, decentralization, families and communities, social organizations, public participation, contract outsourcing, etc. The policy tools that can be used in comprehensive development are: deregulation, financial allocation, contract outsourcing, public-private partnership, etc. The policy tools that can be used during the operation phase are: regulation and deregulation, franchising, privatization, user payment, government purchases, social forces, and public participation. The policy tools that can be used in investment and financing are: bonds, funds, product crowdfunding, financial leasing, PPP financing, etc.