Reactions of selected eggplant cultivars and lines to verticillium wilt caused by Verticillium dahliae Kleb.

摘要

Verticillium wilt caused by the fungus?Verticillium dahliae?Kleb. leads to decrease in the yield and quality of eggplant, an economically important vegetable in Turkey. To develop eggplant lines that are resistant to or tolerant to verticillium wilt, this study used cultivars K-1, K-2, K-3, K-4, K-5, K-6, K-7 and K-8 in the studies presented here. The wild species?Solanum torvum?and?Solanum sodemeum; the resistant cultivated forms DK-1, DK-2, DK-3, DK-4 and DK-6; and the cultivar DK-5 were also included in the study. For the pathogenicity tests, an isolate of?V. dahliae?used was identified by PCR at the Plant Protection Department of the Faculty of Agriculture, A. Menderes University. All the plant materials were tested with this isolate in 2004 and again in 2005. Results from the two years were similar; the lowest disease ratio was obtained from the DK-5 line in both years. F1?plants were obtained through hybridisation of cultivar K-1 and line DK-5, which were determined to be respectively susceptible and tolerant to?V. dahliae. Next, F2?plants were obtained by selfing F1. In 2006, cultivar K-1, line DK-5, and F1?and F2?plants underwent pathogenicity tests. At the end of the pathogenity test, the disease severity in cultivar K-1 and line DK-5 was similar to that seen in previous years, whereas the yellowing and wilting values of F1?plant leaves, as well as stem isolation and reisolation results, were higher than those of F2?plants. Using a 0 to 5 scale and considering the yellowing area on leaves, the disease severity in F1plants was determined to be 38%; the severity value ranged from 2 to 6% in 55% of 200 F1?plants and from 36 to 44% in the remaining 45%.