Molecular markers associated with salt tolerance in Egyptian wheats

摘要

Salinity affects plant growth by the osmotic stress of the salt around the roots, as well as by toxicity caused by excessive accumulation of salt in leaves.?In the present study,?seven common (Triticum?aestivum) and two durum (T. turgidum?ssp.?Durum)wheat genotypes?were?subjected to salt stress for 2 weeks. Salt stress decreased leaf osmotic potential in all cultivars. The difference in osmotic adjustment between the cultivars was correlated with the concentrations of minerals examined such as Na+?and K+.?The salt tolerance in the?T. aestivum?cultivar?Gemmiza 10 and?in?T. durum?cultivars?Sohag and Beni Sweif?was due to higher ability to?maintain?osmoticpotential of the cells?than the other cultivars by?increase in osmoticum concentration under salt stress.?The genetic variation and relationships among different wheat genotypes with different responses to salt stress were also investigated by?RAPD and SSR analyses.?82?out of 118 RAPD markers detected were polymorphic (69.5%) and 42 out of 59 SSR alleles were polymorphic (71%), and can be considered as useful markers for the wheat cultivars tested.?18?random amplified polymorphic DNAs?(RAPD)?markers and?13?simple sequence repeats (SSR)?markers?generated were found to be genotype-specific. Seven markers distinguished the cultivar?Beni Sweif, six markers for the cultivar?Sohag?and two markers for the cultivar?Gemmiza 10. These markers can be verified as being genetic markers associated with salt tolerance in the three wheat genotypes and help in marker-assisted selection breeding program.