Intoxication in dogs and cats: toxicological diagnosis using thin layer chromatography and high pressure liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection in stomach samples

摘要

> face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size="2">The pesticides and rodenticides are responsible for several human and animal intoxications. Preliminary data suggest that the illegal use of these compounds to poison small animals is a common practice in the central region of the Rio Grande do Sul state. The Laboratory of Toxicology received samples, of cases in which the main suspected cause of death is poisoning by pesticides or exogenous rodenticides (licit and illicit). The aim of this study was show the survey of small animals poisoned and analyzed by LATOX during the period of 2004 to 2008 identifying the xenobiotics by optimized analytical methods, including screening by thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and a possible confirmation by high performance liquid chromatography - ultraviolet detection (HPLC-UV). In this period 68 samples were analyzed from small poisoned animals. The biological samples analyzed were stomach and stomach content and the TLC permitted carbamates, warfarin and stricnine identification. This proved to be an efficient and adequate technique for this purpose, relatively fast, inexpensive and with low matrix interference. The screening by HPLC for N-methyl carbamates was also realized: aldicarb, carbaryl, carbofuran and propoxur. The analysis showed that the main toxic agent found was aldicarb (chumbinho), responsible for 39.7% of poisoning (27 cases), followed by stricnine (6 cases), warfarin (3 cases) and sodium monofluoracetate (1 case). Thus, the 'chumbinho' was the main agent involved in dogs and cats poisoning in the central region of the state, during the analyzed period. The analytical methods TLC and HPLC can be used efficiently in laboratorial routine for identification and confirmation of xenobiotics involved in these poisonings.