Salivary markers of oxidative stress and periodontal pathogens in patients with periodontitis from Santander, Colombia

摘要

Introduction: Periodontitis affects more than 20% of the Latin American population.Oxidative markers are associated with greater progression of periodontitis; therefore, its rolein pathogenesis should be studied.Objective: To determine the prevalence of the main oral bacteria and viruses associatedwith periodontitis and estimate the total antioxidant capacity and lipid peroxidation in salivafrom patients with periodontitis.Materials and methods: We conducted systemically a cross-sectional study in 101healthy subjects, 87 of whom had been diagnosed with periodontitis (P), according to thecriteria of the Centers of Disease Control and Prevention and the American Academy ofPeriodontology, and 14 without periodontal pockets as controls (C). In subgingival samples,major viruses and dental pathogenic bacteria were identified using PCR techniques. Thelevels of total antioxidant capacity and malon-di-aldehyde (MDA) were determined byspectrophotometry in samples of unstimulated saliva.Results: The mean of periodontal depth pocket and clinical attachment loss in patientswith periodontitis was 5.6 ± 1.7 and 6.1 ± 3.1 mm, respectively. The most prevalentmicroorganisms were Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (32.5%) and Porphyromonasgingivalis (18.6%). The patients from rural areas showed a higher percentage of A.actinomycetemcomitans (urban: 17.9% vs. rural: 48.9%, p=0.0018). In patients withperiodontitis, the frequency of EBV, HSV1 & 2, and HCMV genes was 2.3%. Periodontitispatients had higher levels of MDA (P: 2.1 ± 1.5; C: 0.46 ± 0.3 μmol/g protein; p=0.0001) andtotal antioxidant capacity (P: 0.32 ± 0.2; C: 0.15 ± 0.1 mM; p 0.0036). Oxidative markersshowed no modifications due to the presence of periodontopathic bacteria.Conclusions: Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans was the most prevalent bacteria; itspresence did not modify the levels of oxidative markers in the saliva of patients with periodontitis.