The Role of Optic Disc, Retinal Blood Vessels and Exudates in Detection of Diabetic Retinopathy: A Literature Review

摘要

Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) is among the most common disease which leads to the cause of blindness. The abnormality in the anatomic and pathological structure has to be analysed for the prevention of retinal diseases. In this review, the Optic Disc (OD), blood vessels and exudates has been studied. We searched databases like Google scholar, IEEE, Elsevier, Springer and other relevant databases to find literature on segmentation of OD, blood vessels and exudates (Pathology) carried out by the researchers with various image processing algorithms with publicly available datasets such as DRIVE, STARE, DRION, DIARETDB0, DIARETDB1, MESSIDOR, etc. After the wide search, we got 32 articles on the retinal disease DR for review. The search revealed that, exclusively for the retinal disease DR, the detection of abnormality in OD and blood vessels alone never gives fruitful results. Therefore, for patients with the chronic diseases DR, the pathological sign exudates have to be analysed by the radiologists while diagnosing and the patients not falling in the DR group can be diagnosed only with OD and blood vessels. From the review, it was inferred that, the morphological operation based segmentation gains more importance due to its better accuracy rate.