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Analysis of technical condition of footbridges over the railways in danger of collapse

机译:有倒塌危险的铁路人行天桥的技术条件分析

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The article presents issues related to the maintenance of small engineering structures, such as footbridges over railways. These types of objects, usually are simple both in structure and construction. Design and construction errors usually, do not endanger the safety of the structure, although unrepaired ones may shorten the usability of the object. Particular attention should be paid to the elements of drainage, because effective rainwater management has significant influence to engineering structures usability. Regular inspections should ensure the operation of facilities that allow to avoid excessive deterioration of functional properties or maintaining objects in a proper technical and aesthetic condition. Structural collapses, that took place between 2014 and 2017 constitute only 2.85% [3], which indicates the improvement of quality of both design and implementation. However, it should be noted that maintenance errors are the second cause of structural failures. Therefore, it is necessary to emphasize crucial role of people performing periodic inspections of buildings, whose recommendations should be adhered and implemented by facility managers. The article presents examples of two footbridges over railways, that due to improper maintenance were excluded from use. Further operation of these footbridges threatened with construction collapse.
机译:本文介绍了与小型工程结构的维护有关的问题,例如铁路上的人行天桥。这些类型的对象通常在结构和构造上都很简单。设计和施工错误通常不会危及结构的安全,尽管未修复的错误可能会缩短对象的可用性。应特别注意排水要素,因为有效的雨水管理会对工程结构的可用性产生重大影响。定期检查应确保设施的运行,以避免功能特性的过度恶化或将物体保持在适当的技术和美学条件下。 2014年至2017年间发生的结构性崩溃仅占2.85%[3],这表明设计和实施质量均得到改善。但是,应注意的是,维护错误是造成结构故障的第二个原因。因此,有必要强调人员对建筑物进行定期检查的关键作用,他们的建议应由设施管理人员遵守并执行。本文介绍了两条铁路上的行人天桥的示例,这些行人天桥由于维护不当而被排除在外。这些行人天桥的进一步运行有可能导致建筑倒塌。

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