To the Editor: Malaria caused by Plasmodium spp. is one of the most prevalent parasitic diseases in the world, especially in tropical countries. P. vivax represents the second most prevalent of malaria species. Therefore, as measures to control the high death rates in humans caused by P. falciparum become more effective, P. vivax is likely to become the primary malaria threat (1). In P. vivax infection, the main clinical signs and symptoms are fever, chills, nausea and vomiting, generalized body pain and fatigue, toxic shock and pulmonary edema, retinal hemorrhage, renal failure, uremic encephalopathy, and thrombocytopenia (2–6).
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