Rapidly Progressive Dementia Due to Mycobacterium neoaurum Meningoencephalitis

摘要

Dementia developed in a patient with widespread neu-rologic manifestations; she died within 5 months.Pathologic findings showed granulomatous inflammationwith caseation necrosis, foreign body–type giant cells, andproliferative endarteritis with vascular occlusions. Broad-range polymerase chain reaction identified Mycobacteriumneoaurum as the possible pathogen. Central nervous sys-tem infection by M. neoaurum may result in rapidly progres-sive dementia