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The physical and chemical structure of Sagittarius B2

机译:人马座B2的理化结构

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Context. We model the emission of methyl cyanide (CH_(3)CN) lines towards the massive hot molecular core Sgr B2(M). Aims. We aim to reconstruct the CH_(3)CN abundance field, and investigate the gas temperature distribution as well as the velocity field. Methods. Sgr B2(M) was observed with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) in a spectral line survey from 211 to 275 GHz. This frequency range includes several transitions of CH_(3)CN (including isotopologues and vibrationally excited states). We employed the three-dimensional radiative transfer toolbox Pandora in order to retrieve the velocity and abundance field by modeling different CH_(3)CN lines. For this purpose, we based our model on the results of a previous study that determined the physical structure of Sgr B2(M), i.e., the distribution of dust dense cores, ionized regions, and heating sources. Results. The morphology of the CH_(3)CN emission can be reproduced by a molecular density field that consists of a superposition of cores with modified Plummer-like density profiles. The averaged relative abundance of CH_(3)CN with respect to H_(2)ranges from 4 × 10~(?11)to 2 × 10~(?8)in the northern part of Sgr B2(M) and from 2 × 10~(?10)to 5 × 10~(?7)in the southern part. In general, we find that the relative abundance of CH_(3)CN is lower at the center of the very dense, hot cores, causing the general morphology of the CH_(3)CN emission to be shifted with respect to the dust continuum emission. The dust temperature calculated by the radiative transfer simulation based on the available luminosity reaches values up to 900 K. However, in some regions vibrationally excited transitions of CH_(3)CN are underestimated by the model, indicating that the predicted gas temperature, which is assumed to be equal to the dust temperature, is partly underestimated. The determination of the velocity component along the line of sight reveals that a velocity gradient from the north to the south exists in Sgr B2(M).
机译:上下文。我们建模向大规模热分子核心Sgr B2(M)的甲基氰(CH_(3)CN)线的发射。目的我们旨在重建CH_(3)CN丰度场,并研究气体温度分布以及速度场。方法。使用Atacama大毫米/亚毫米阵列(ALMA)在211至275 GHz的频谱线中观察到了Sgr B2(M)。该频率范围包括CH_(3)CN的多个跃迁(包括同位素和振动激发态)。我们使用三维辐射转移工具箱Pandora,以便通过对不同的CH_(3)CN线进行建模来检索速度场和丰度场。为此,我们基于先前研究的结果确定模型,该研究确定了Sgr B2(M)的物理结构,即粉尘致密芯,电离区域和热源的分布。结果。 CH_(3)CN发射的形态可以通过分子密度场来再现,该分子密度场由具有改良的Plummer样密度分布的核的叠加组成。在Sgr B2(M)的北部,CH_(3)CN相对于H_(2)的平均相对丰度范围为4×10〜(?11)至2×10〜(?8),且范围为2×南部的10〜(?10)至5×10〜(?7)。通常,我们发现CH_(3)CN的相对丰度在非常密集的热核中心较低,从而导致CH_(3)CN排放的一般形态相对于粉尘连续体排放发生了偏移。通过辐射传递模拟基于可用光度计算出的粉尘温度达到900K。但是,在某些区域中,该模型低估了CH_(3)CN的振动激发跃迁,表明预测的气体温度为假定等于粉尘温度,部分被低估了。沿视线的速度分量的确定表明,Sgr B2(M)中存在从北向南的速度梯度。

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