Objective.A novel injectable magnesium/calcium sulfate hemihydrate (Mg/CSH) composite with improved properties was reported here.Methods.Composition, setting time, injectability, compressive strength, and bioactivity in simulated body fluid (SBF) of the Mg/CSH composite were evaluated. Furthermore, the cellular responses of canine bone marrow stromal cells (cBMSCs) and bone formation capacity after the implantation of Mg/CSH in tibia defects of canine were investigated.Results.Mg/CSH possessed a prolonged setting time and markedly improved injectability and mechanical propertyp<0.05. Mg/CSH samples showed better degradability than CSH in SBF after 21 days of soakingp<0.05. Moreover, the degrees of cell attachment, proliferation, and capability of osteogenic differentiation on the Mg/CSH specimens were higher than those on CSH, without significant cytotoxicity and with the increased proliferation index, ALP activity, and expression levels of integrinβ1 and Coll I in cBMSCsp<0.05. Mg/CSH enhanced the efficiency of new bone formation at the tibia defect area, including the significantly elevated bone mineral density, bone area fraction, and Coll I expression levelp<0.05.Conclusions.The results implied that this new injectable bone scaffold exhibited promising prospects for bone repair and had a great potential in bone tissue engineering.
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