Tetramethylpyrazine protects against apoptosis through promoting autophagy in mesenchymal stem cells and improves bone mass in glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis rats

摘要

The present generation of nutrient rich waste streams within the food and hospitalityindustry is inevitable and remained a matter of concern to stakeholders. Three white rot fungalstrains were cultivated under submerged state bioconversion (SmB). Fermentable sugar conversionefficiency, biomass production and substrate utilization constant were indicators used to measurethe success of the process. The substrates – banana peel (Bp), pineapple peel (PAp) and papaya peel(Pp) were prepared in wet and dried forms as substrates. Phanerochaete chrysosporium(P. chrysosporium), Panus tigrinus M609RQY, and RO209RQY were cultivated on sole fruit wastesand their composites. All fungal strains produced profound biomass on dry sole wet substrates, butwet composite substrates gave improved results. P. tigrinus RO209RQY was the most efficient insugar conversion (99.6%) on sole substrates while P. tigrinus M609RQY was efficient on compositesubstrates. Elevated substrate utilization constant (Ku) and biomass production heralded wet composite substrates. P. chrysosporium was the most performing fungal strain for biomass production,while PApBp was the best composite substrate.