Case Control Study to Assess Association between Periodontal Infection and Coronary Heart Disease

摘要

Background: Coronary heart disease is the lead-ing cause of adult mortality and morbiditythroughout the world. Well known risk factorsindependently or combined are involved in bothatherosclerosis and myocardial infarction. Re-cent data have shown that viral and bacterial in-fections may also contribute to acute throm-boembolic events, hence a case control studywas carried out. Aims and Objective : To inves-tigate the possible association between peri-odontal health and coronary artery disease, inpatients with Acute Myocardial Infarction(AMI) and Coronary Heart Disease (CHD). Ma-terial and Methods: 150 patients, 75 with AMIand 75 with CHD were included in the study.Data on hypertension, diabetes, smoking statusand alcohol consumption were recorded. AMIpatients were clinically examined 3-4 days af-ter admission to the coronary care unit. Clini-cal examination of CHD patients was carriedout during the hospital stay. All teeth excludingthird molars were studied and clinical data wererecorded regarding Plaque Index, SimplifiedOral Hygiene Index, Gingival Index, GingivalBleeding Index, Probing Depth and Clinical At-tachment Loss. Results: Percentage of sites ex-hibiting bleeding on probing and the number ofsites with more probing depth were significantlyhigher among AMI patients than those withCHD (P=0.05 and p=0.001 respectively).Therewas abundant plaque and debris around all toothsurfaces in AMI patients (p=0.001). Conclu-sion: Overall result of this case control studyshowed an association between periodontitisand acute myocardial infarction.