Parliamentary Sovereignty in the Modern Legal Policy in the Russian Federation and Great Britain

摘要

As far back as in the “public choice theory” of J. Buchanan and F.A. Hayek an attempt to figure out the causes of distortion of a democratic ideal and evolving of law into a corruption outrage was made. This trend was explained by the fact that at the early stages of the people’s power development the acknowledgement of parliamentary power supremacy was a coercive measure that was useful for the new statehood. The existence of parliamentary sovereignty in Great Britain and then in other European countries was initially stipulated by the fight of the bourgeoisie having gained political power and needing an absolute independence of the parliament with the feudal absolutism, then by the resistance between the bourgeoisie and the working class. In the modern world there is no such a correlation of classes, because the estates bounds are removed and the living standards are evened. The social basis for a democratic state is the middle class. The main purpose of the state is to provide itself with nationwide support. The last one is required taking account of the growth of extremism and the appearance of various revolutionary studies calling for a forcible change of regime and an establishment of totalitarian dictatorship under socialist, nationalist and other slogans. Along with this, the number of advocates of such radical methods in the world increases from year to year.