New Ultra Performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometric method for the determination of allura red in soft drinks usingcorncob assolid phase extraction sorbent: Analysis and food waste management approach

摘要

Different types of soft drinks are flooded in the stores, some arein powdered form while others are in the liquid form, some carbonated some non-carbonated, some are colorless while othersare colorful and imparts a beautiful look. These colorful looks aredue to the presence of the synthetic colored compounds that areadded to the soft drinks due to different reasons, some time tomatch the flavor such as yellow colored dyes for lemon drinkand red colored dyes for cherry drinks. Conservation of the softdrink products remains another important application and one ofthe reason for the addition of such dyes (Rovina et al., 2016). Allurared AC (AR), an azo dye, red in color, water soluble with E numberE129. Allura red AC has been used in pharmaceuticals, cosmetics,food and several drinks. IUPAC name of the allura red is Disodium6-hydroxy-5-[(2-methoxy-5-methyl-4-sulfonatophenyl)diazenyl]-naphthalene-2-sulfonate. The report by the European food safetyagency says that AR consists of two components, first containingdisodium 2-hydroxy-1–2-(2-methoxy-5-methyl-4-sulphonatophenylazo)nephathylene-6-sulphonato along with some subsidiary coloring agent while main noncoloring componentcomprises of sodium chloride and sodium sulfate (EFSA, 2012). To prevent extreme consumption of AR, regulatory authoritiesround the globe have proposed guidelines recommending consumption limits of AR. Important regulatory organizations suchas US food and drug administration (USFDA), European food safetyagencies (EFSA) and Joint, Food and agricultural organization(FAO)/ World health Organization (WHO) Expert Committee onFood Additives (JECFA) recommends acceptable daily intake of0–7.0 mg kg1 of the body weight. (http://www.iacmcolor.org/safety-of-color/safety-synthetic-certified-colors/red-40/). Specifically considering non-alcoholic beverages and soft drinks such asready to drink cordials, instant teas, concentrates of the vendingmachine, bitter vino, bitter soda etc, EFSA have set a permissiblelimit of 10–100 mg L1 of AR (EFSA, 2009).