A brief history of the development of blasting and the modern theory of rock breaking

A K Kirsanov; S A Vokhmin; G S Kurchin

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A brief history of the development of blasting and the modern theory of rock breaking

机译：爆破发展简史和现代岩石破碎理论

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The article is devoted to the task today to improve the effectiveness of blasting during construction of horizontal and inclined mine excavations. Construction of new and reconstruction of existing mines requires large volume of excavation works, which length can reach tens of kilometers for only one project. Drilling and blasting workings allow not only to break out rocks from a frontal part of an excavation, but also cause an internal effect, which can lead to undesired damage that, in turn, often lead to increased expenses for excavation operations and safety problems for personnel. Calculation methods for blasting and explosion operations is a topical issue in mining industry as they allow to improve characteristics of excavation works and safety of explosion operations. Dozens of scientists offer their design, which reflects the vision of the problem and its solution. There are many methods for calculating the parameters of drilling and blasting, but so far not developed a uniform methodology of calculation, which would encompass all the factors and explained the mechanism of formation of cracks around the explosive charge and the process of breaking rock. The paper presents a novel methodology for calculations for blasting and explosion operations. That methodology comprises various specifics of rock geology and mining engineering during works in horizontal and vertical excavations. In this paper given an algorithm for calculation two main areas of destruction: crushed zone and fracturing zone. In addition, article outlines main aspects of Mining Engineering Development from Antiquity until present days and presents the dynamic of mineral resources.

机译：本文致力于今天的任务，以提高水平和倾斜矿井开挖施工期间的爆破效果。新建和重建现有矿山需要大量挖掘工作，仅一个项目的长度就可以达到数十公里。钻孔和爆破工作不仅会从开挖的前部挖出岩石，而且还会产生内部影响，这可能导致不希望的损坏，进而导致开挖作业费用增加和人员安全问题。爆破作业的计算方法是采矿行业的热门话题，因为它们可以改善挖掘工作的特性和爆炸作业的安全性。数十位科学家提供了他们的设计，这些设计反映了问题及其解决方案的愿景。计算钻孔和爆破参数的方法有很多，但是到目前为止，还没有开发出统一的计算方法，该方法将涵盖所有因素，并解释了炸药周围裂纹形成的机理和破碎岩石的过程。本文提出了一种新的爆破计算方法。该方法论包括水平和垂直开挖工作期间岩石地质学和采矿工程的各种细节。本文给出了一种计算破坏的两个主要区域的算法：压碎区和压裂区。此外，本文还概述了从古代到现在的采矿工程开发的主要方面，并介绍了矿产资源的动态。

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《Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management》 |2016年第4期|共7页
作者
A K Kirsanov; S A Vokhmin; G S Kurchin;
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中图分类矿业工程;
关键词
calculation methodologycrushed zonexplosivefracturing zonethe history of mining;

机译：计算方法压碎带x压裂带开采历史;

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A brief history of the development of blasting and the modern theory of rock breaking

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