Retinopathy in subjects with type 2 diabetes at a tertiary diabetes clinic in Durban, South Africa: Clinical, biochemical and genetic factors

摘要

Aim To determine the prevalence of clinical and laboratory variables and genetic polymorphisms in association with diabetic retinopathy (DR) in subjects with type 2 diabetes attending a tertiary referral diabetes clinic in Durban, South Africa. Methods Cross-sectional study on 292 Indian and African patients with type 2 diabetes (71.5% women). The presence of DR was determined by direct ophthalmoscopy. Clinical and laboratory data were collected and polymorphisms in the NOS3 (rs61722009, rs2070744, rs1799983) and VEGF (rs35569394, rs2010963) genes were determined. Results DR was present in 113 (39%) subjects. Those with DR were older (60.6?±?9.6 vs. 55.4?±?12.9 years, p ?=?0.005), had longer duration diabetes (18.5?±?8.8 vs. 11.9?±?9.2 years, p ?