FIXED HETEROSIS: EFFECTIVE GENETIC BASIS IN BREEDING OF THE SALVIA SCLAREA L. SPECIES

摘要

It has been demonstrated that the use of fixed heterosis is an effective genetic basis in breeding of the Salvia sclarea species. The phenotype of inbred lines derived from the varieties by hybrid origin with fixed heterosis Ambra Plus and Nataly Clary was varied and genetic segregation was expressed in the diversity of quantitative traits such as plant height, inflorescence length and their structure, essential oil content. Along with the inbred lines S3 generations in which the content of essential oil is lower than that in the varieties they originate from, lines have been produced with high (1.001-1.350%) and very high (1.351-1.600%) content, the latter ones making 20% of the lines derived from the variety Ambra Plus and 11% of the total number of the lines derived from Nataly Clary. Inbreeding results in phenologic changes: the S2- S3 inbred lines fall into three groups of maturation; early-middle- and late-ripening that constitute 24, 48, and 28% respectively, in the lines derived from Ambra Plus and 33% in each group of the lines derived from Nataly Clary. The inbred lines with high and very high content of essential oil are valuable genotypes in view of the improvement of raw material quality and the increase of the productivity of new varieties of Salvia sclarea.