Land cover monitoring as part of a survey on wetland ecosystem conservation in the Negovan village area using remote sensing tools

摘要

The main purpose of the present survey is to apply remote sensing data to the investigation of different components of a wetland ecosystem, situated in the area of the village of Negovan (Sofia region), such as soil, vegetation and water, and their variation for certain temporal intervals including the vegetation period. This survey represents the process of interim ecological monitoring (IEM) implementation on the studied ecosystem. Data for the current condition of different ecosystem components - soil, vegetation and water components, and their variations within the selected time period of 5 years (2014-2018) have been obtained. Specific relations among wetland actual components conditions such as soil wetness and vegetation vs climate factors within the respective temporal intervals of wetland monitoring process have been established. Aerospace data with different temporal, space and spectral resolution, satellite data from Sentinel 2, MSI and aerophoto with a very high resolution have been used. The results for “Brightness”, “Greenness” and “Wetness” components obtained on the basis of orthogonalization of satellite data from Sentinel 2 have been introduced. The results reflect the value of Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index (SAVI), Modified Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index (MSAVI 2), Normalized Difference Greenness Index (NDGI) and Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI), which are of great importance for the relationship between soil health indexes and ecosystem sustainability. Thematic maps are generated based on the results obtained by surveying land cover components. Data received for the current condition of Negovan wetland ecosystem and established variations of different parameters, including soil component could be used while assessing wetland ecosystem services.