Interpupillary Distance As A Guide For The Selection Of Upper Anterior Teeth

摘要

Purpose: This study was carried out to determine the relationship between the width of maxillary central incisor and interpupillary distance. Materials and Methods: A total of 100 subjects-50 male and 50 female individuals in the age group 18-26 years were selected based on predetermined selection criteria. Standardized facial frontal photographs of all the subjects were taken using a SLR camera in such a manner that maxillary anterior teeth were visible. The photographs were developed and printed to a size of 4x6 inch each. Each of these photographs were scanned and digital images were created each of which was saved in a separate file. Anthropometric measurements of interpupillary distance and mesiodistal width of maxillary right central incisor in millimeters were made using both computer software programme and manually using a digital vernier caliper. Data obtained was tabulated and subjected to statistical analysis. Results: Statistics analysis results showed positive correlation between interpupillary distance and mesio distal width of upper right central incisor amongst both male and female subjects. Male subjects had significantly less interpupilary distance as compared to female subjects. There was no statistically significant difference between the widths of central incisors of the male and female subjects. Conclusion: There was a positive correlation between interpupillary distanceand mesiodistal width of upper right central incisor in both sexes. lnterpupillary distance can be used as a guide in selecting suitable size of the artificial teeth. Introduction Complete denture treatment is successful only when, it is functionally adapted and esthetically accepted by the patient. Complete denture esthetics is achieved when artificial teeth are in harmony with the surrounding environment, i.e. face. Apart from teeth arrangement, facial harmony is constituted by matching of shape, mold, color and size of teeth to that of the face. Nature provides harmony between the object and the surrounding. It is generally observed that a person with a large jaw will have large sized teeth. Similarly a person with a small jaw will have small sized teeth. However, exceptions are also noted. Generally, we find relationship between these two entities. Based on these observations, a number of research articles have been reported i.e. anthropometric measurements of the face have been used as a guide in selecting proper sized anterior teeth. Some of the anthropometric measurements suggested are: Size of the face: This is most commonly used anthropometric measurement in selection of teeth. The average width of maxillary central incisor is estimated to be 1/16th of the width of the face between the two extreme points of zygoma. It has also been noted that, the combined width of 6 maxillary anterior teeth is almost 1/3rd of the bizygomatic width.1 Size of maxillary arch: Measurements are made on an equilateral triangle that is developed by connecting one hamular notch to another hamular notch in a straight line and incisive papilla to one side of hamular notch and similarly incisive papilla to another hamular notch. With the help of mold selector, size of maxillary teeth is selected.1 Incisive papilla and cuspid eminence or buccal frenum: The distance between the midpoint of incisive papilla and the canine eminence or buccal frenum usually accommodates central incisor, lateral incisor and canine teeth i.e. from mesial part of central incisor to distal part of canine. The width of these three teeth is equal to the distance between the incisive papilla and canine eminence.1 Maxillo-mandibular relations: It has been reported that maxillo-mandibular relations guide in selection of teeth. However details are not available.1 Contour of the residual ridge: It is similar to the second method mentioned i.e. the size of the maxillary arch. In this case, the procedure followed is same but compensation for the resorption of the residual ridge must be consi