The Potential of Thiosulfinates in Allium Savatium as Bioinhibitor forControlled Release Fertilizer Application

摘要

Urea is an important source of ammonia (NH3) for crops and various agricultural usages. However, 40% of the total NH3 isreleased to the atmosphere due its hydrolysis process. Several attempts have been made in controlling ammonia evolution fromurea including the usage of urease inhibitors. This is one of the possible ways to reduce NH3 emissions to the atmosphere afterurea fertilizer application, especially when urea is surface-applied. These compounds can retard the hydrolysis of urea byinhibiting the urease enzyme in the soil. Many chemical compounds have been tested and shown inhibitory process against theurease enzyme. However, few are used commercially and most investigated inhibitors are chemical based and toxic. Thus, thisresearch will study about the thiosulfinates compound in garlic extract as a potential bioinhibitor for fertilizer application.Previous studies have shown that the loss of urease activity was found to be directly proportional to alk(en)yl thiosulfinates(TS) content in the garlic extract. There is evidence by data provided that TS is the actual inhibiting agents in the garlic extract.The inhibition process is attributed to the reaction of TS compound with the SH-group that is found in the active site of theurease enzyme. Studies indicate that inhibition by garlic extract is irreversible and incubation time-dependent. Thus, the usageof Allium Savatium as a green and environmental friendly product should be considered to replace the current chemical basedbioinhibitor.