Effects of Fungal Strains on Seeds Germination of Millet and Striga Hermonthica

摘要

The effects of aqueous extracts of three fungi were evaluated on three millet varieties and Striga hermonthica seed germination. Striga seeds were inoculated with Trichoderma viride, T. harzianum and Pencillium spp. in presence of GR24. T. viride at concentration 25% improved significantly Striga germination (90.3%) compared to control (85.4%) in presence of 0.1 ppm GR24. However the same fungi T. viride at 75% + 0.01 ppm GR24 was significantly inhibited Striga seed germination (0%). Seeds of three millet verities were treated with 0-75% concentrations of T. viride or Pencillium spp. The results showed that variety MCSRC recorded 100% final germination (FG) in all treatments. However, Mallit and El-Fasher varieties showed 100% FG when treated with the concentrations 0% (control), 25% or 50% only and decreased with application of 75% inoculums. The maximum viguor index (805) occurred on El-Fasher with 50% T. viride compared to its control (787). The minimum viguor index (335) was recorded by Mallit in 75% Pencillium compared to its control (752). When comparing the three varieties in germination rate, MCSRC showed increase in germination rate with increasing inoculums concentration, while Mallit and El-Fasher showed decrease with increasing inoculums concentration. Mallit recorded the highest shoot length (8.18 cm) with 75% T. viride. On the other hand, El-Fasher recorded the highest root length (15.23 cm), shoot dry weight (8.35g) and root dry weight (4.7g) compared with control. Generally, MCSRC appear to be more tolerant to fungal application in the highest concentration followed by El-Fasher and Mallit although no significant differences were observed among millet varieties.