Impact of a 12-week wellness coaching on self-care behaviors among primary care adult patients with prediabetes

摘要

This single arm prospective study assessed the impact of individualized wellness coaching intervention for primary care patients with prediabetes on self-reported changes in physical activity level and food choices. Five hundred sixty adult patients 18?years and older with prediabetes, seen in primary care clinic, were invited to participate in 12?weeks wellness coaching sessions delivered by certified coaches. Responses from questionnaires at baseline, 6 and 12?weeks were analyzed. Of 168 consented patients, 99 completed at least one coaching session; majority was elderly, female, overweight or obese. At baseline, 50% had <60?min aerobic exercise/week. At 6 and 12?weeks, average aerobic exercise time significantly increased from 117?min to 166 and 199?min respectively. Effect was sustained at 24?weeks. Success in making healthy eating choices also statistically improved from baseline. Significant effects on both activity level and eating behavior persisted even after adjusting for age, sex and baseline glucose/A1c values. Secondary outcomes of self-efficacy and quality of life likewise showed significant improvement. Results suggest that integration of wellness coaching in primary care practice among individuals at high risk for diabetes is feasible and may be useful as part of diabetes prevention management strategies in target populations. Future randomized clinical trials are needed to further explore this issue. Highlights ? Wellness coaching alone as an effective preventive strategy in patients with prediabetes is proposed. ? It can be incorporated in primary care practice. ? A 12?weeks session resulted in improved physical activity and healthy eating behavior. ? Self-efficacy and quality of life were also increased with coaching. ? Significant changes were seen in 6?weeks with sustained effect up to 24?weeks.