Heavy ions: Results from the Large Hadron Collider

摘要

On November 8, 2010 the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN collided the ???rst stable beams of heavy ions (Pb on Pb) at the centre-of-mass energy of 2.76 TeVucleon. The LHC worked exceedingly well during its one month of operation with heavy ions, delivering about 10 e???e?‘?a?’1 of data, with peak luminosity reaching to $L_{O} = 2 ?— 10^{25}$ cm-2 s-1 towards the end of the run. Three experiments, ALICE, ATLAS and CMS, recorded their ???rst heavy-ion data, which were analysed in a record time. The results of the multiplicity, ???ow, ???uctuations and Bosea€“Einstein correlations indicate that the ???reball formed in nuclear collisions at the LHC is hotter, lives longer, and expands to a larger size at freeze-out as compared to lower energies. We give an overview of these as well as new results on quarkonia and heavy ???avour suppression, and jet energy loss.