EFFECT OF THE 1BL.1RS WHEAT-RYE TRANSLOCATION ON QUALITATIVE TRAITS IN BREAD WHEAT

摘要

Despite the positive effect on yield and resistance under stress conditions, cultivars carrying the 1BL.1RS wheat-rye chromosome translocation have a critical drawback, i.e. the deterioration of the end-product quality of the host cultivar. In order to study this deterioration, four bread wheat cultivars carrying and six without the aforementioned translocation, were evaluated in the field for two successive years. The experiments were established in the farm of the Western Macedonia University of Applied Sciences, which represents a rather cold and wet area. Each experiment consisted of four replications and every effort was made to grow the plants under optimum conditions. The following traits were studied: yield, 1000 kernel weight, hectoliter weight, protein %, moisture %, starch %, Zeleny test. The results indicated that there was not any specific effect of the translocation on yield because two cultivars without the translocation were ranked first, although they did not differ from the following two cultivars carrying the translocation. On the other hand, there was no negative effect of the translocation in most of the qualitative traits in bread wheat. Furthermore, one of the cultivars carrying the translocation (cvr. Acheron) performed equally sufficient with the cultivars without the translocation in 1000 kernel weight. A similar performance was observed in the rest of the examined traits: cvr. Acheron was ranked first in protein content, wet gluten and Zeleny test. Cultivar Elissavet, also carrying the translocation, performed equally well with Acheron in protein content (%) and was ranked first in hectoliter weight. It could be concluded from all the aforementioned results that the translocation had no negative effect on bread wheat quality. However further study is needed to confirm the above results.