ENERGY CONSUMPTION AND ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN LUCERNE ENSILING

摘要

Ensilling represents more successful process of fresh grass mass storage than hay storage. Losses of dry matter in alfalfa silage start from 5 to 15% (Jugovi?, 2012), and in the technological process of storing hay, drying under the influence of the sun heat are going up to 25-30% of the total leaf mass. Preparation of alfalfa can be done in the form of: hay, silage and haylage. In this paper, the results of lucerne ensiling and haylaging in several variants using different machines and tractor aggregates are shown: 1. Aggregate tractor IMT-539 + power presses, Agronic Model R-500 combi 2. Aggregate tractor IMT-540 + self-loading wagon Sip Pioneer-17. 3. Aggregate tractor IMT-577 DV + roller presses Deutz – Fahr GP 2.50. Aggregate: tractor IMT-539 + power presses, Agronic Model R-500 combi, represents a significant technological solution in forming cylindrical bales, weighing 60-70 kg, wrapped with polyethylene foil. The average operating speed of an aggregate was 3,4 km/h. Power bale with an average weight of 67,5 kg was formed on the 135,5 m length of the pass, for 2.4 min. The average volume of the formed bale (57cm x 63cm) was 0,16 m3. Consumption of the polyethylene films for forming bales was 51.0m x 0.25m, which represents an area of 12,75 m2 per bale. The average productivity of the tested aggregate was 0,40 ha/h or 3,24 ha/day. Productivity of the formed bales ranged from 21-27 bales/h or 41-60 bales/ha, which represents the daily productivity of 162 bales per day. The average fuel consumption was 6.0 liters per hour or 15 liters per hectare. Aggregate: tractor IMT – 540 + self-loading wagon Sip Pioneer-17 in the working process performs loading and transport of semi-withered alfalfa plant mass to the trench silos. In the working process, the consumption of the fuel was 8.0 litters per hectare. In the process of lucerne ensiling compression (treading) of the delivered grass mass with the tractor T-40, whose consumption of diesel fuel is 11,5 l/h, is necessary. Aggregate: tractor IMT-577 DV + Power presses Deutz-Fahr GP 2.50 in ensiling achieved a diesel consumption of 15,16 l/h. Power pressing is burden by wrapping power bundle with polyethylene foil. For this technological operation, a tractor IMT-577 DV + layer Sipma Z-557 was used, which has an average diesel fuel consumption of 3,64 liters per hectare.