Genetic and environmental influences on the yields of pentane extractable hydrocarbons of Helianthus annuus (Asteraceae, Sunflowers)

摘要

Sunflowers (H. annuus) from natural populations in the Texas Panhandle and Salt Lake City, UTwere analyzed for their % HC yields and g HC/g DW 10 leaves. Seeds from these populations weregerminated and plants grown in the OPSU greenhouse to investigate the influence of the environment onHC yields. The ratio of % HC yields for greenhouse (GH) plants vs natural (Nat) plants was (GH/Nat):GT: 45.9%; LT: 55.6%; SLC: 78.3%). Plants from both of the populations in the Texas Panhandle (GT,Gruver, TX; LT, Lake Tanglewood, TX) had yields about 50% higher than their progeny grown undergreenhouse conditions. Plants from these natural populations were severely damaged by grasshoppers,other insects and pathogens, as well as high winds and large variations in rainfall during the season (waterstress). In contrast, the SLC (Salt Lake City, UT) population was an urban population that appeared tohave much less insect damage to the leaves and no significant wind damage. Yields of HC (g/g leafbasis) were also much lower in greenhouse plants, but this is largely due to the lower biomass produced insmall pots. Hybrids obtained by crossing two high yielding native sunflowers were greenhouse grownand these produced much less HC yields (4.59%, P1xP2, 4.91%, P2xP1) than found in their high yielding,natural habitat, parents (9.44 P1, 10.03 P2 %). These experiments indicate that HC yields from sunflowerleaves are greatly induced (up to 55%) by stresses in the environment. Published on-linewww.phytologia.org Phytologia 99(2):186-190 (May 9, 2017). ISSN 030319430.