Análisis de la influencia de los efectos parásitos para estribos pilotados de puentes en suelos blandos

摘要

The estimation of parasitic effects that can be generated on the piles in soft soils, (being negative friction and / or horizontal thrust) can be addressed with several recommendations contained in the technical literature and in the regulations of some countries, but it is usually not found any specific analysis applicable to piloted abutments. However, experience shows that without taking these effects into account in the calculation, there may be significant damage to piles and structures that support, existing many examples in this regards, especially when the soil has layers of large thickness of soft soils. Nevertheless, a pilot structure can be designed to resist the parasitic effects, taking into account also the consideration of other important issues, such as the cost of the construction, construction deadlines, long-term behaviour, etc, to try to optimize their economic impact. Thus, often the most effective way to solve the problem is doing additional work to improve the characteristics of the ground to minimize parasitic effects, such as application of preloads to the field to consolidate before building the piles. According to the above, this work analyses the main recommendations and regulations existing in Chile and Spain as well as other national and international publications, dealing with the issue of parasitic effects in deep foundations, in order to contrast the different parameters.