PERDA DE MASSA CORPORAL EM SAUNA SECA E RESPOSTA CARDíACA AO ESTRESSE POR CALORPéRDIDA DE MASA CORPORAL EN SAUNA SECA Y RESPUESTA DE LA FRECUENCIA CARDíACA AL ESTRéS POR CALOR

摘要

Objectives: The aim of the study was to determine the effects of sauna-induced heat exposure on body mass loss (BML) and its relationships with basic anthropometric and physiological variables. Methods: The sample comprised 230 healthy adult males aged 21.0 ± 1.08 years (age range: 20.0–24.5 years). Body surface area (BSA) was determined and two groups of individuals with high BSA (BSA H ; n = 58) and low BSA (BSA L ; n = 74) were extracted. The intervention consisted of two 10-min dry sauna sessions separated by a 5-min interlude. Pre-, peri-, and post-sauna measures of nude body mass (BM) and heart rate (HR) were taken. Results: BML differed between BSA groups by 0.28 kg (74.81%). Absolute and relative BML most strongly correlated with BM and BSA ( p 0.001). Among the four considered height–weight indexes, the Quetelet I Index and Body Mass Index showed the strongest associations ( p 0.001) with BML whereas the weakest were with the Rohrer Index ( p 0.01) and Slenderness Index ( p 0.05). Compared with BML, differences in HR were relatively minor (from 9.90% to 18.07%) and a significant association was observed between BML and HR at rest ( p 0.01) and in 10 th and 20 th min of sauna bathing ( p 0.001). Conclusions: The magnitude of BML in healthy adult males after passive heat exposure was dependent on BM and concomitantly BSA. The physiological cost of dry sauna-induced thermal strain (as assessed by BML and HR) is greater in individuals with high BM and BSA. BM and HR monitoring is also recommended in order to minimize the risk of homeostatic imbalance and cardiovascular events and this cohort should more frequently cool the body and consume a greater volume of fluids during sauna bathing. Evidence Level II; Prospective comparative study.