Evaluation of temporomandibular disorders by magnetic resonance imaging

摘要

Temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) are widely de scribed as heterogeneous conditions affecting the temporo mandibular joint (TMJ) and masticatory muscles. However, TMD is a highly generic term, referring to a group of disorders arising from the muscles (myogenic TMDs) or the joint (arthro genic TMDs). The most common arthrogenic TMDs are ante rior disc displacement of the articular discs and TMJ osteoar thritis. Each of those disorders has a complex pathophysiology and multiple risk factors, which interact in different ways in each individual(1). In addition, pain chronicity, with its central mechanisms, such as neuroplasticity and central sensitiza tion, as well as the participation of psychogenic factors, makes it especially challenging to gain a complete understanding of the pathophysiology of these disorders(2)