Current manure management practices and hygiene aspects of urban and peri-urban livestock farming in Tanzania

摘要

Therecentexpansionofurbanandperiurbanlivestockfarminghasresultedinclosecontactbetweenanimalsandhumans,sometimeswithadversehumanhealtheffects.Asurveyinvolving119cattlekeepinghouseholdsinurbanandperi-urbansettingsofMorogoro,Tanzaniarevealedthatmanuremanagementpracticesweredifferentfromtraditionalpracticesmainlyduetolackofland.Manurewascollectedandconveyedbyusingtoolsby94%ofrespondents,whileothersusedwaterorbarehands.Seventysixpercentofrespondentscollectedmanurefromanimalhousesatleastonceaday,afeaturethatwasassociatedwithhousingcharacteristics(p0.05).Heapingwasacommonmanurestoragemethodalthoughothercattlekeepersdirectlyspreadmanureonland.Manurewasdisposedofwithinresidentialareaby70%ofrespondentsandthispracticewasassociatedwithlandareaownedbyorundercontrolofthehouseholds(p0.05).Thecurrentmanuremanagementpracticesdidnotprotecteitherhumans,animalsortheenvironmentagainsttheriskofcontaminationwithpotentialzoonoticpathogensandthereforethereisaneedfortheformulationofguidelinesonsafemanuremanagementpractices.